영어논어 (論語 :Analects) 해설 23 ;동양철학 (한문 & 영문 & 교양): 위정為政7; 皆能有養, 不敬，何以別乎

為政7 子游問孝。 자유문효. 子曰： 자왈, 今之孝者， 금지효자 是謂能養。 시위능양. 至於犬馬， 지어견마 皆能有養； 개능유양 不敬，何以別乎？불경,하이별호 Zi You asked what filial piety was. 子游問孝 The Master said, "The filial piety nowadays means the support of one's parents.子曰 今之孝者 是謂能養 But dogs and horses likewise are able to do something in the way of support;至於犬馬 皆能有養 - without reverence, what is there to distinguish the one support from the other?"不敬 何以別乎 [疏]‘子游’至‘別乎’ ○正義曰：此章言爲孝必敬. ‘子游問孝’者, 弟子子游問行孝之道於孔子也. ‘子曰 今之孝者 是謂能養’者, 此下孔子爲子游說須敬之事. 今之人所謂孝者, 是唯謂能以飮食供養者也, 言皆無敬心. ‘至於犬馬 皆能有養 不敬 何以別乎’者, 此爲不敬之人作譬也,其說有二. 一曰 “犬以守禦, 馬以代勞, 皆能有以養人者. 但畜獸無知, 不能生敬於人. 若人唯能供養於父母而不敬. 則何以別於犬馬乎.” 一曰 “人之所養, 乃至於犬馬, 伺其飢渴, 飮之食之, 皆能有以養之也. 但人養犬馬, 資其爲人用耳, 而不敬此犬馬也. 人若養其父母而不敬, 則何以別於犬馬乎.” 言無以別, 明孝必須敬也