Spasskaya Tower. Moscow. The Kremlin chiming clock.

The first clock on the Spasskaya Tower was installed by the project of Galloway. In 1707, a new Dutch musical chimes was sent to Moscow on the order of Tsar Peter the Great. In 1763, the clock was replaced again. The present-day clock and chimes were repaired and installed by the brothers Butenop in 1851. In 1920, during the restoration of the Spasskaya Tower, musician M. Cheremnykh and the Kremlin's plumber N. Berens rearranged the playing mechanism as to play the tune of "The International". In 1935, the tower's marquee was crowned with a five-pointed star. In 1937, it was replaced by a new, larger one (diameter of 3,75 m). Day and night the star's surface is illuminated from the inside by a lamp of 5.000 W. The star rotates under the wind like a weathervane. The Spasskaya Tower is a ten-story construction. It is 67,3 m high without the star and 71 m high with the star.