Setup Raspberry Pi, headless without keyboard, mouse or monitor

This tutorial will describe the steps required to setup a Raspberry Pi, model A or B so that it has a working wireless connection and the user can connect and control the Raspberry Pi through a SSH connection. All this will be done without using a keyboard, mouse or monitor. Although an internet connected computer with SD card reader and USB port will be required. The instructions described are from the perspective of a Mac user but tasks can equally be carried out on a Windows or Linux machine. A USB console cable will also be required, these cost about £7.00 and I got mine from www.modmypi.com